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Nontarget Effects of Genetic Manipulation

Target Effect: Herbicide Resistant Plants (with resistance to the following herbicides:)


Various Bleaching Herbicides

tobacco_001: Transgenic tobacco with resistance to bleaching herbicides had altered composition of carotenoids.



Glufosinate

rice_001: Genes escaped from cultivated GM rice to its weedy and wild relatives.

canola_002: Experimental crosspollination between transgenic herbicide-resistant canola and wild field mustard led to highly fertile, herbicide-resistant wild field mustard.



Glyphosate (Roundup)

soybean_001: Herbicide-resistant soybean plants were shorter, with less chlorophyll, lower weight, and increased susceptibility to stem-splitting at high temperatures.

soybean_002: Diet containing glyphosate-resistant soybeans affected the nuclei of liver cells in mice.

soybean_003: Glyphosate-resistant soybeans exuded glyphosate, carbohydrates, and amino acids into the soil and affected the microorganism soil community.

bentgrass_001: Spread of herbicide-resistance from genetically modified creeping bentgrass into the wild.

canola_003: Transgenes that have escaped from glyphosate-resistant canola can persist in the wild.

weed_resistance_001: Increased planting of glyphosate-resistant crops and application of glyphosate causes increase in glyphosate-resistant weed species.


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